合宙esp32C3基于Micropython编程实现MQTT数据传输

功能：合宙esp32C3 wifi连接+MQTT订阅发布+led控制

准备工作

https://blog.imst.xyz/index.php/archives/184/

工具

1.Thonnythonny-4.0.2.zip

2.MQTT调试工具：https://www.emqx.com/zh/mqtt/public-mqtt5-broker

代码

boot.py

# boot.py - 负责WiFi网络连接
import network
import time
from machine import Pin, PWM


# ============ 配置区域 ============
SSID = "42101"
PASSWORD = "15657859912"
LED_PIN = 12  # 板载LED引脚



# ============ LED指示函数 ============
led = Pin(LED_PIN, Pin.OUT)
pwm_led = None

def led_blink(times=3, delay=0.2):
    """LED闪烁提示"""
    for _ in range(times):
        led.value(1)
        time.sleep(delay)
        led.value(0)
        time.sleep(delay)

def led_breath_once():
    """呼吸一次（用于连接中提示）"""
    global pwm_led
    if pwm_led is None:
        pwm_led = PWM(Pin(LED_PIN), freq=1000)
    
    # 呼吸一次
    for i in range(0, 1024, 8):
        pwm_led.duty(i)
        time.sleep_ms(5)
    for i in range(1023, -1, -8):
        pwm_led.duty(i)
        time.sleep_ms(5)

def led_off():
    """关闭LED"""
    global pwm_led
    if pwm_led:
        pwm_led.deinit()
        pwm_led = None
    led.value(0)

# ============ WiFi连接函数 ============
def connect_wifi():
    """连接WiFi网络"""
    wlan = network.WLAN(network.STA_IF)
    wlan.active(True)
    
    print("\n" + "="*40)
    print("boot.py: 正在连接 WiFi")
    print("="*40)
    print(f"SSID: {SSID}")
    
    # 如果已经连接，直接返回
    if wlan.isconnected():
        print(f"✓ 已经连接到WiFi")
        print(f"  IP地址: {wlan.ifconfig()[0]}")
        led_off()
        return True
    
    print("正在连接中...（呼吸效果表示正在连接）")
    
    # 开始连接
    wlan.connect(SSID, PASSWORD)
    
    # 等待连接（最多20秒）
    max_wait = 20
    for i in range(max_wait):
        if wlan.isconnected():
            print(f"\n✓ WiFi连接成功!")
            print(f"  IP地址: {wlan.ifconfig()[0]}")
            print(f"  子网掩码: {wlan.ifconfig()[1]}")
            print(f"  网关: {wlan.ifconfig()[2]}")
            
            # 连接成功后闪烁2次表示成功
            led_off()
            led_blink(2, 0.1)
            led_off()
            return True
        else:
            # 连接中显示呼吸效果
            print(f"  连接中... {i+1}/{max_wait}")
            led_breath_once()
    
    # 连接失败
    print(f"\n✗ WiFi连接失败!")
    print("请检查:")
    print("1. 路由器是否开启")
    print("2. SSID和密码是否正确")
    print("3. 信号强度是否足够")
    
    # 连接失败快速闪烁报警
    print("\n⚠ 进入错误状态 - LED快速闪烁")
    while True:
        led.value(1)
        time.sleep(0.1)
        led.value(0)
        time.sleep(0.1)

# ============ 导出网络对象供main.py使用 ============
def get_wlan():
    """获取WLAN对象，供main.py使用"""
    return network.WLAN(network.STA_IF)

# ============ 启动网络连接 ============
print("\n🚀 ESP32-C3 启动中...")
print("运行 boot.py - 网络初始化")

# 开机LED闪烁3次表示开始
led_blink(3, 0.1)

# 连接WiFi
wifi_connected = connect_wifi()

# 将WLAN对象保存到全局变量，供main.py导入
wlan = get_wlan()

print("boot.py 执行完成，准备运行 main.py...")
print("="*40 + "\n")

main.py

# main.py - MQTT连接和LED控制
from machine import Pin, PWM
import time
from umqtt.simple import MQTTClient
import ujson
import network

# ============ 配置区域 ============
# MQTT配置 - 请根据你的实际情况修改
MQTT_BROKER = "broker.emqx.io"  # 公共测试服务器，或你的局域网IP如 "192.168.1.100"
MQTT_PORT = 1883
MQTT_CLIENT_ID = "esp32c3_led_" + str(time.time())  # 使用时间戳确保唯一性
MQTT_TOPIC_SUB = "esp32c3nbsz/led/control"  # 订阅主题，手机发送指令到这里
MQTT_TOPIC_PUB = "esp32c3nbsz/led/status"   # 发布主题，反馈LED状态

# LED配置
LED_PIN = 13  # 板载LED引脚

# ============ LED控制类 ============
class LEDController:
    def __init__(self, pin):
        self.pin = pin
        self.led = Pin(pin, Pin.OUT)
        self.pwm_led = None
        self.status = "OFF"
        self.led.value(0)  # 初始关闭
    
    def on(self):
        """点亮LED"""
        self._stop_pwm()
        self.led.value(1)
        self.status = "ON"
        print("✓ LED已点亮")
        return "ON"
    
    def off(self):
        """关闭LED"""
        self._stop_pwm()
        self.led.value(0)
        self.status = "OFF"
        print("✓ LED已关闭")
        return "OFF"
    
    def blink(self, times=5, delay=0.1):
        """LED闪烁"""
        self._stop_pwm()
        for _ in range(times):
            self.led.value(1)
            time.sleep(delay)
            self.led.value(0)
            time.sleep(delay)
        self.status = "BLINK"
        print(f"✓ LED闪烁 {times} 次")
        return "BLINK"
    
    def _stop_pwm(self):
        """停止PWM模式"""
        if self.pwm_led:
            self.pwm_led.deinit()
            self.pwm_led = None
    
    def get_status(self):
        """获取当前状态"""
        return self.status

# ============ MQTT管理器类 ============
class MQTTManager:
    def __init__(self, led_controller):
        self.led = led_controller
        self.client = None
        self.broker = MQTT_BROKER
        self.port = MQTT_PORT
        self.client_id = MQTT_CLIENT_ID
        self.topic_sub = MQTT_TOPIC_SUB
        self.topic_pub = MQTT_TOPIC_PUB
        self.connected = False
    
    def callback(self, topic, msg):
        """MQTT消息回调函数"""
        topic_str = topic.decode('utf-8')
        msg_str = msg.decode('utf-8')
        
        print(f"\n📨 收到MQTT消息:")
        print(f"   主题: {topic_str}")
        print(f"   消息: {msg_str}")
        
        # 解析JSON消息
        try:
            # 尝试解析JSON格式
            data = ujson.loads(msg_str)
            command = data.get('command', '').upper()
        except:
            # 如果不是JSON，直接当作命令处理
            command = msg_str.upper()
        
        # 处理命令
        response_status = "UNKNOWN"
        
        if command == 'ON' or 'ON' in command:
            response_status = self.led.on()
        elif command == 'OFF' or 'OFF' in command:
            response_status = self.led.off()
        elif command == 'BLINK' or 'BLINK' in command:
            response_status = self.led.blink(5, 0.1)
        else:
            print(f"未知命令: {command}")
            response_status = "UNKNOWN_COMMAND"
        
        # 发布状态反馈
        self.publish_status(response_status)
    
    def publish_status(self, status):
        """发布LED状态到MQTT"""
        if self.client and self.connected:
            try:
                # 创建状态消息
                status_msg = ujson.dumps({
                    "device": "esp32c3_led",
                    "status": status,
                    "ip": self.get_ip(),
                    "time": time.time()
                })
                self.client.publish(self.topic_pub, status_msg)
                print(f"📤 已发布状态: {status}")
            except Exception as e:
                print(f"✗ 发布状态失败: {e}")
    
    def get_ip(self):
        """获取当前IP地址"""
        try:
            wlan = network.WLAN(network.STA_IF)
            if wlan.isconnected():
                return wlan.ifconfig()[0]
        except:
            pass
        return "0.0.0.0"
    
    def connect(self):
        """连接MQTT服务器"""
        print(f"\n🔌 正在连接 MQTT服务器: {self.broker}:{self.port}...")
        
        try:
            # 创建MQTT客户端
            self.client = MQTTClient(
                client_id=self.client_id,
                server=self.broker,
                port=self.port,
                keepalive=60
            )
            
            # 设置回调函数
            self.client.set_callback(self.callback)
            
            # 连接服务器
            self.client.connect()
            print(f"✓ MQTT连接成功!")
            
            # 订阅主题
            self.client.subscribe(self.topic_sub)
            print(f"✓ 已订阅主题: {self.topic_sub}")
            
            self.connected = True
            
            # 发布上线消息
            online_msg = ujson.dumps({
                "device": "esp32c3_led",
                "event": "online",
                "ip": self.get_ip(),
                "time": time.time()
            })
            self.client.publish(self.topic_pub, online_msg)
            
            return True
            
        except Exception as e:
            print(f"✗ MQTT连接失败: {e}")
            self.connected = False
            return False
    
    def check_message(self):
        """检查是否有新消息"""
        if self.client and self.connected:
            try:
                self.client.check_msg()
                return True
            except Exception as e:
                print(f"⚠ 检查消息失败: {e}")
                self.connected = False
                return False
        return False
    
    def ping(self):
        """发送ping保持连接"""
        if self.client and self.connected:
            try:
                self.client.ping()
                return True
            except:
                self.connected = False
                return False
        return False
    
    def disconnect(self):
        """断开MQTT连接"""
        if self.client and self.connected:
            try:
                # 发布离线消息
                offline_msg = ujson.dumps({
                    "device": "esp32c3_led",
                    "event": "offline",
                    "time": time.time()
                })
                self.client.publish(self.topic_pub, offline_msg)
                self.client.disconnect()
            except:
                pass
            self.connected = False

# ============ 主函数 ============
def main():
    print("\n" + "="*50)
    print("main.py: MQTT LED控制器启动")
    print("="*50)
    
    # 检查WiFi连接状态
    wlan = network.WLAN(network.STA_IF)
    if not wlan.isconnected():
        print("⚠ WiFi未连接，等待5秒...")
        time.sleep(5)
        if not wlan.isconnected():
            print("✗ WiFi连接失败，无法继续")
            return
    
    print(f"✓ WiFi已连接，IP: {wlan.ifconfig()[0]}")
    print(f"MQTT Broker: {MQTT_BROKER}")
    print(f"订阅主题: {MQTT_TOPIC_SUB}")
    print(f"发布主题: {MQTT_TOPIC_PUB}")
    print("="*50)
    
    # 创建LED控制器
    led = LEDController(LED_PIN)
    
    # 创建MQTT管理器
    mqtt = MQTTManager(led)
    
    # 连接MQTT
    mqtt_retry = 0
    max_retries = 3
    
    while mqtt_retry < max_retries:
        if mqtt.connect():
            break
        else:
            mqtt_retry += 1
            if mqtt_retry < max_retries:
                print(f"5秒后重试 ({mqtt_retry}/{max_retries})...")
                time.sleep(5)
    
    if not mqtt.connected:
        print("\n✗ MQTT连接失败，请检查:")
        print("  1. MQTT服务器地址是否正确")
        print("  2. 网络是否通畅")
        print("  3. 服务器是否允许连接")
        return
    
    # MQTT连接成功，确保LED关闭
    led.off()
    print("\n✨ 系统就绪！等待MQTT指令...")
    print("   手机发送指令到主题:", MQTT_TOPIC_SUB)
    print("   支持命令: ON, OFF, BLINK")
    print("   按 Ctrl+C 退出程序")
    
    # 主循环
    last_check = time.time()
    try:
        while True:
            # 检查MQTT消息
            mqtt.check_message()
            
            # 每30秒检查一次连接状态
            if time.time() - last_check > 30:
                # 检查WiFi
                if not wlan.isconnected():
                    print("\n⚠ WiFi连接断开")
                    # 尝试重连WiFi（由boot.py处理，这里只报告）
                    print("   等待boot.py重连...")
                else:
                    # 检查MQTT连接
                    if not mqtt.ping():
                        print("\n⚠ MQTT连接断开，尝试重连...")
                        mqtt.connect()
                
                last_check = time.time()
            
            time.sleep(0.1)  # 小延时
            
    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        print("\n\n🛑 程序被用户中断")
        mqtt.disconnect()
        led.off()
        print("已安全退出")

# ============ 程序入口 ============
if __name__ == "__main__":
    try:
        main()
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"\n❌ 程序出错: {e}")
        # 错误时LED闪烁
        led = Pin(LED_PIN, Pin.OUT)
        while True:
            led.value(1)
            time.sleep(0.1)
            led.value(0)
            time.sleep(0.1)

umqttsimple.py

try:
    import usocket as socket
except:
    import socket
import ustruct as struct
from ubinascii import hexlify

class MQTTException(Exception):
    pass

class MQTTClient:

    def __init__(self, client_id, server, port=0, user=None, password=None, keepalive=0,
                 ssl=False, ssl_params={}):
        if port == 0:
            port = 8883 if ssl else 1883
        self.client_id = client_id
        self.sock = None
        self.server = server
        self.port = port
        self.ssl = ssl
        self.ssl_params = ssl_params
        self.pid = 0
        self.cb = None
        self.user = user
        self.pswd = password
        self.keepalive = keepalive
        self.lw_topic = None
        self.lw_msg = None
        self.lw_qos = 0
        self.lw_retain = False

    def _send_str(self, s):
        self.sock.write(struct.pack("!H", len(s)))
        self.sock.write(s)

    def _recv_len(self):
        n = 0
        sh = 0
        while 1:
            b = self.sock.read(1)[0]
            n |= (b & 0x7f) << sh
            if not b & 0x80:
                return n
            sh += 7

    def set_callback(self, f):
        self.cb = f

    def set_last_will(self, topic, msg, retain=False, qos=0):
        assert 0 <= qos <= 2
        assert topic
        self.lw_topic = topic
        self.lw_msg = msg
        self.lw_qos = qos
        self.lw_retain = retain

    def connect(self, clean_session=True):
        self.sock = socket.socket()
        addr = socket.getaddrinfo(self.server, self.port)[0][-1]
        self.sock.connect(addr)
        if self.ssl:
            import ussl
            self.sock = ussl.wrap_socket(self.sock, **self.ssl_params)
        premsg = bytearray(b"\x10\0\0\0\0\0")
        msg = bytearray(b"\x04MQTT\x04\x02\0\0")

        sz = 10 + 2 + len(self.client_id)
        msg[6] = clean_session << 1
        if self.user is not None:
            sz += 2 + len(self.user) + 2 + len(self.pswd)
            msg[6] |= 0xC0
        if self.keepalive:
            assert self.keepalive < 65536
            msg[7] |= self.keepalive >> 8
            msg[8] |= self.keepalive & 0x00FF
        if self.lw_topic:
            sz += 2 + len(self.lw_topic) + 2 + len(self.lw_msg)
            msg[6] |= 0x4 | (self.lw_qos & 0x1) << 3 | (self.lw_qos & 0x2) << 3
            msg[6] |= self.lw_retain << 5

        i = 1
        while sz > 0x7f:
            premsg[i] = (sz & 0x7f) | 0x80
            sz >>= 7
            i += 1
        premsg[i] = sz

        self.sock.write(premsg, i + 2)
        self.sock.write(msg)
        #print(hex(len(msg)), hexlify(msg, ":"))
        self._send_str(self.client_id)
        if self.lw_topic:
            self._send_str(self.lw_topic)
            self._send_str(self.lw_msg)
        if self.user is not None:
            self._send_str(self.user)
            self._send_str(self.pswd)
        resp = self.sock.read(4)
        assert resp[0] == 0x20 and resp[1] == 0x02
        if resp[3] != 0:
            raise MQTTException(resp[3])
        return resp[2] & 1

    def disconnect(self):
        self.sock.write(b"\xe0\0")
        self.sock.close()

    def ping(self):
        self.sock.write(b"\xc0\0")

    def publish(self, topic, msg, retain=False, qos=0):
        pkt = bytearray(b"\x30\0\0\0")
        pkt[0] |= qos << 1 | retain
        sz = 2 + len(topic) + len(msg)
        if qos > 0:
            sz += 2
        assert sz < 2097152
        i = 1
        while sz > 0x7f:
            pkt[i] = (sz & 0x7f) | 0x80
            sz >>= 7
            i += 1
        pkt[i] = sz
        #print(hex(len(pkt)), hexlify(pkt, ":"))
        self.sock.write(pkt, i + 1)
        self._send_str(topic)
        if qos > 0:
            self.pid += 1
            pid = self.pid
            struct.pack_into("!H", pkt, 0, pid)
            self.sock.write(pkt, 2)
        self.sock.write(msg)
        if qos == 1:
            while 1:
                op = self.wait_msg()
                if op == 0x40:
                    sz = self.sock.read(1)
                    assert sz == b"\x02"
                    rcv_pid = self.sock.read(2)
                    rcv_pid = rcv_pid[0] << 8 | rcv_pid[1]
                    if pid == rcv_pid:
                        return
        elif qos == 2:
            assert 0

    def subscribe(self, topic, qos=0):
        assert self.cb is not None, "Subscribe callback is not set"
        pkt = bytearray(b"\x82\0\0\0")
        self.pid += 1
        struct.pack_into("!BH", pkt, 1, 2 + 2 + len(topic) + 1, self.pid)
        #print(hex(len(pkt)), hexlify(pkt, ":"))
        self.sock.write(pkt)
        self._send_str(topic)
        self.sock.write(qos.to_bytes(1, "little"))
        while 1:
            op = self.wait_msg()
            if op == 0x90:
                resp = self.sock.read(4)
                #print(resp)
                assert resp[1] == pkt[2] and resp[2] == pkt[3]
                if resp[3] == 0x80:
                    raise MQTTException(resp[3])
                return

    # Wait for a single incoming MQTT message and process it.
    # Subscribed messages are delivered to a callback previously
    # set by .set_callback() method. Other (internal) MQTT
    # messages processed internally.
    def wait_msg(self):
        res = self.sock.read(1)
        self.sock.setblocking(True)
        if res is None:
            return None
        if res == b"":
            raise OSError(-1)
        if res == b"\xd0":  # PINGRESP
            sz = self.sock.read(1)[0]
            assert sz == 0
            return None
        op = res[0]
        if op & 0xf0 != 0x30:
            return op
        sz = self._recv_len()
        topic_len = self.sock.read(2)
        topic_len = (topic_len[0] << 8) | topic_len[1]
        topic = self.sock.read(topic_len)
        sz -= topic_len + 2
        if op & 6:
            pid = self.sock.read(2)
            pid = pid[0] << 8 | pid[1]
            sz -= 2
        msg = self.sock.read(sz)
        self.cb(topic, msg)
        if op & 6 == 2:
            pkt = bytearray(b"\x40\x02\0\0")
            struct.pack_into("!H", pkt, 2, pid)
            self.sock.write(pkt)
        elif op & 6 == 4:
            assert 0
    #    return msg
    # Checks whether a pending message from server is available.
    # If not, returns immediately with None. Otherwise, does
    # the same processing as wait_msg.
    def check_msg(self):
        self.sock.setblocking(False)
        return self.wait_msg()